
Some funds specialize in only one kind of security or industry; most offer a variety and, therefore, a way to minimize risk. If your fund belongs to a mutual fund family that offers several types of funds, you can switch from one fund to another to take advantage of changing market conditions. This can often be done in a way that minimizes the commission and other fees.
How to choose a mutual fund?
To choose a mutual fund that is right for you, consider your goals in investing. Some funds are designed for maximum growth over time, and are well suited for attaining a future of dollar target. These are composed of companies whose stocks are expected to rise in value faster than average, perhaps because they are plowing earnings into research and development for greater future benefits. These funds will typically pay less in dividends and have lower yields, and the risk can be higher.
If you need money now – living expenses, let’s say- you may select an income fund. These funds are composed of stocks of companies that regularly pay good dividends. The dividends payments can come to you as a regular check.
If you want a little both, there are balanced funds, many with Income and Growth in their name. Whatever your goal, you probably can find a mutual fund with the same aim. A fund’s objectives usually are discussed on the first page of the prospectus. The prospectus is a description of a company’s financial position, required by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) in your country and available on request. Before you invest, read the prospectus carefully and examine that fund’s performance. Your local library may carry magazines that report on the past performance of mutual funds.
In addition to mutual funds that consist chiefly of common stocks, there are also bond mutual funds. These usually provide steadier returns and have a lower capital risk, but historically they’ve generally returned less over the long term.
Another popular type of mutual fund is a money market fund, which invests in government and government agency securities, CDs and other debt obligation. Usually, you can withdraw a minimum amount at any time without penalty. Because a money market fund offers a high degree of liquidity, it can be good place to keep your cash assets.

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